The concept of Undesigned Coincidences refers to subtle and incidental agreements between different sources or texts These coincidences can serve as evidence for the authenticity and reliability of the accounts. In the case of the Gospels, several examples demonstrate such coincidences, supporting the historical veracity of the texts. #### Here are simple points that show the Gospels are reliable: - **Matching History**: The stories in the Gospels fit well with known historical facts and records, like those by Josephus. These include details about tax collection, feasts, local customs, and rulers' behaviors. Examples, Herod's inquiry about Christ's birth ([Mark 6:14-29](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.6.14-29)), the tribute money in Capernaum ([Matthew 17:24-27](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.17.24-27)), Joseph's fear of Archelaus ([Matthew 2:22](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.2.22)). - **Different Views Add Up**: Different gospels often provide different angles or additional details on the same event, and when combined, these form a coherent picture. For example, the calling of Peter in [Luke 5:1-11](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.5.1-11) shows an intersecting coincidence where Matthew mentions the mending of the nets ([Matthew 4:18-22](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.4.18-22)), while Luke explains the miraculous catch of fish that might have caused the need for mending. - **Small Details Make Sense Together**: Sometimes, the connections are not obvious but provide a richer understanding when combined. For example, Mark describes Herod’s birthday feast, and Josephus describes a similar feast made by Herod’s brother, showing a family tradition ([Mark 6:21](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.6.21); Antiquities of the Jews, 19.7.1). Or a minor detail of Simon owning a ship for Jesus' use ([Luke 5:3](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.5.3)). - **Right Places and Customs**: The Gospels contain accurate references to geographical locations and cultural practices, such as swine feeding in Gadara, a Grecian city ([[Mark 5:1](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.5.1)](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.5.1); Antiquities of the Jews, 17.13.4), or the mentioning of the tax in Capernaum ([Matthew 17:24](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.17.24); Antiquities of the Jews 18.10.1). - **People Act the Same**: Characters are portrayed consistently across different accounts, such as Martha's practical concerns and Mary's spiritual devotion ([John 11:1-44](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.11.1-44), [Luke 10:38-42](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.10.38-42)). - **Real Feelings**: Emotional connections and responses are shown in complementary ways. Matthew’s account of Peter’s denial is complemented by Luke’s emotional detail of Jesus' look at Peter, a moment of connection that brings the gravity of Peter's actions into sharp focus ([Matthew 26:69-75](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.26.69-75), [Luke 22:61-62](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.22.61-62)). - **Unplanned Alignments**: Sometimes the narratives align in ways that are unlikely to have been planned, such as Jesus’ Visit to Jerusalem at Twelve Years Old ([Luke 2:42](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.2.42), Antiquities of the Jews 17.15), Jesus’ safety in day but Danger at Night ([Matthew 26:5](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.26.5), [Luke 22:6](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.22.6)) or the change in bystanders' behavior during the crucifixion ([Matthew 27:39-44](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.27.39-44),[Mark 15:29-32](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.15.29-32)). The presence of these undesigned coincidences across the Gospels, and with external historical sources, provides for the reliability and authenticity of these texts. These simple matches across different Gospels and with history show that these coincidences are not the result of fabrication or collusion, but rather reflect accurate re-callings of the events, characters, and teachings of Jesus' life and ministry. They add to the cumulative case for the historical trustworthiness of the Gospels. | Collections | Event/Title | Biblical References | Coincidence Description | Source | Historical Sources | | | | ------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Feeding Of The Five Thousand | [Mark 6:39-44][Matthew 14:13-21](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.14.13-21)le.com/bible/59/MRK.6.39-44); Matthew 14:13-21 | Upon examining these two accounts are compared, the detail of the "green grass" in Mark's account aligns with the timing of the event in Matthew's account, which is likely during the springtime when grass would be green in the region. This minor detail, which appears incidental and is not an obvious thing to fabricate, adds historical verisimilitude to the accounts. | Hidden in Plain View ([Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts')) | Feeding Of The Five Thousand | | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Being Blindfolded And Struck | [Matthew 26:67][Luke 22:64](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.22.64)ww.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.26.67); Luke 22:64 | In these passages describe the event where Jesus was blindfolded and struck by those who were mocking Him. The accounts in both Matthew and Luke provide complementary details of this cruel treatment, reflecting the humiliation and suffering Jesus endured. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jesus Being Blindfolded And Struck | | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Safety During The Day And Danger At Night | [Matthew 26:5][Luke 22:6](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.22.6)www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.26.5); Luke 22:6 | According to The Gospel accounts reveal that Jesus was in danger from the chief priests, not the multitude. The people were on his side until they believed he was blaspheming. Judas sought to betray Jesus when the multitude was absent, and the chief priests planned not to act on the feast day to avoid an uproar. Jesus felt safe during the day but was vulnerable at night. The first night he did not retire to Bethany but stayed near Jerusalem, he was betrayed. This consistency in the narrative is subtle and unobtrusive, supporting the authenticity of the accounts without any signs of forgery. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jesus Safety During The Day And Danger At Night | | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Call Of Peter | [Matthew 4:18-22][Luke 5:1-11](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.5.1-11)w.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.4.18-22); Luke 5:1-11 | According to The coincidence lies in the way these two accounts intersect: Matthew mentions the mending of the nets, while Luke explains why the nets might have needed mending, because they broke due to the miraculous catch of fish. These details are not explicitly stated to be connected, but when read together, they form a coherent and complementary picture. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Call Of Peter | | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Herod Discussing Christ With His Servants | [Matthew 14:1][John 8](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.8)://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.14.1); John 8 | These passages describe Herods interest in Jesus and his discussions about Christ with his servants, some of whom were followers of Jesus. This highlights the influence of Jesus teachings even within the ruling class. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Herod Discussing Christ With His Servants | | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Peter Being A Married Man | [Matthew 8:14-15][1 Corinthians 9:5](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/1CO.9.5)e.com/bible/59/MAT.8.14-15); 1 Corinthians 9:5 | Matthews account of Jesus healing Peters mother-in-law implies that Peter was married, and this is confirmed by Pauls mention of Peters right to bring a believing wife along in his ministry. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Peter Being A Married Man | | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Healing Of The Centurions Servant | [Matthew 8:5-13][Luke 7:1-10](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.7.1-10)w.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.8.5-13); Luke 7:1-10 | The apparent discrepancy between the centurion speaking directly to Jesus (Matthew) and sending representatives (Luke) is reconciled by understanding that it was a common practice to attribute words to a principal party even if they were spoken by representatives. Therefore, these two accounts can be seen as complementing rather than contradicting each other. | The Historical Reliability of the Gospels ([Craig L. Blomberg](https://paperpile.com/app/p/23cdb1dd-c0f2-0f69-adb1-470b8a12435d 'The Historical Reliability of the Gospels')) | Healing Of The Centurions Servant | | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Sending Crowds Away | [Matthew 14:22][John 6:15](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.6.15)www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.14.22); John 6:15 | By comparing these two accounts, a fuller picture emerges. Jesus' insistence on sending the disciples away in Matthew is explained by the situation described in John: He wants to defuse a politically charged situation where the crowd wants to crown Him king. This subtle interlocking of details across the two accounts is not explicitly coordinated but forms a coherent narrative when pieced together. | Hidden in Plain View ([Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts')) | Jesus Sending Crowds Away | | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Herods Inquiry About Christs Birth | [Matthew 2:3, 7, 16](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.2.3,7,16); | Herods anxiety and inquiry about the birth of Christ, as well as his anger when the wise men did not return, align with his character as described by Josephus. Herod was known to be fearful for his throne and eager to know the future, even consulting an Essene named Manahem about the duration of his reign. This consistency between the Gospel account and historical records adds authenticity to the narrative. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Antiquities of the Jews 15 | Herods Inquiry About Christs Birth | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Tribute Money In Capernaum | [Matthew 17:24](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.17.24); | The Gospel of Matthew accurately refers to the specific tax known as the didrachma, a term also mentioned by Josephus in his Antiquities. This tax was paid to the Temple, and the Evangelists use of the term without explanation indicates that it was a familiar concept to his readers. The precise naming of the tax and the lack of need for clarification suggest authenticity in the narrative and indicate that the Gospel was likely written before the destruction of the Temple, when the term would have been well-known. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Antiquities of the Jews 18.10.1 | Tribute Money In Capernaum | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Josephs Fear Of Archelaus | [Matthew 2:22-23](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.2.22-23); | Josephs fear of Archelaus, who reigned in Judea after Herods death, is consistent with the historical account of Archelauss cruelty. At the first Passover after Herods death, Archelaus ordered a massacre that resulted in the death of nearly three thousand men. This act of violence, occurring at a time when Jews from all over were gathered, would have quickly spread the news of Archelauss character, explaining Josephs immediate fear and decision to avoid him. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Antiquities of the Jews 17.9.3 | Josephs Fear Of Archelaus | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Peters Denial | [Matthew 26:69-75][Luke 22:61-62](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.22.61-62)bible.com/bible/59/MAT.26.69-75); Luke 22:61-62 | Matthews account of Peters denial is complemented by Lukes emotional detail of Jesus' look at Peter, a moment of connection that brings the gravity of Peter's actions into sharp focus. | Evidence that demands a verdict ([J. McDowell](https://paperpile.com/app/p/ed3d55ac-47e2-01bf-8e75-f3994a9a0231 'Evidence that demands a verdict')) | Peters Denial | | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | The Beheading Of John The Baptist | [Matthew 14:1-12][Mark 6:14-29](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.6.14-29).bible.com/bible/59/MAT.14.1-12); Mark 6:14-29; | Matthews account of Herods reaction to Jesus is complemented by Marks detailed account of Johns beheading, including the characters involved and the dynamics that led to the tragic event as well as Alignment with Josephus historical description.. | The New Evidence that Demands a Verdict ([Josh McDowell](https://paperpile.com/app/p/f88a8a8b-ae59-017f-b56a-27899af9353a 'The New Evidence that Demands a Verdict'))(The Historical Jesus: Ancient Evidence for the Life of Christ ([Gary R. Habermas](https://paperpile.com/app/p/3a4cfc3a-795b-0a64-af04-43ea64ac3135 'The Historical Jesus: Ancient Evidence for the Life of Christ')) | Antiquities of the Jews 18.5.2 | The Beheading Of John The Baptist | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Uproar Concern During Passover | [Matthew 26:5](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.26.5); | The Gospel of Matthew mentions a concern about causing an uproar among the people during the feast of Passover. This reflects the historical context described by Josephus, who notes the insubordinate and irritable state of Judaea during this period. The governors precaution to have soldiers ready to suppress any riot, and the subsequent tumult that led to the death of thousands, corroborates the Gospels portrayal of the tense atmosphere during the feast. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Antiquities of the Jews, 20.4.3 | Uproar Concern During Passover | | | Evidence From Matthews Undesigned Coincidence | Explanation Of Sadducees Belief | [Matthew 22:23](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.22.23); | Matthew unusually explains the Sadducees disbelief in the resurrection, a deviation from his typical practice of presuming familiarity with Jewish customs. Josephuss account reveals that the Sadducees were a small, elite sect, making it possible for the general population to be unfamiliar with their beliefs. This explains why St. Matthew felt the need to clarify their stance in this instance, providing an authentic and contextually accurate detail in his Gospel. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Antiquities of the Jews, 18.1.4 | Explanation Of Sadducees Belief | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus And His Relationship With His Family | [Mark 3:21[John 7:5](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.7.5)//www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.3.21);John 7:5 | Marks account of Jesus familys concern aligns with Johns statement. Both passages reflect the same underlying reality: that Jesus' family, at this point, did not fully understand or believe in His messianic mission. | Hidden in Plain View ([Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts')) | Jesus And His Relationship With His Family | | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Passover And Crowds In Capernaum | [Mark 6:31][John 6:4](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.6.4)/www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.6.31); John 6:4 | Mark describes the disciples being so busy that they didnt even have time to eat, while John provides the context that it was the time of Passover, a major Jewish festival. This explains the heightened activity in Capernaum and the surrounding areas, as people were traveling to Jerusalem for the celebration. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Passover And Crowds In Capernaum | | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Herods Birthday Feast | [Mark 6:21](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.6.21); | The Gospel of Mark describes Herods birthday feast, attended by lords, high captains, and chief estates of Galilee. Josephus also describes a similar birthday feast made by Herods brother, indicating that these feasts were a family tradition and customarily included government officers. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Antiquities Of the Jews, 19.7.1 | Herods Birthday Feast | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Swine Feeding In The Country Of The Gadarenes | [Mark 5:1](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.5.1); | The Gospel of Mark mentions swine feeding in the country of the Gadarenes, which might seem contradictory to Jewish customs. However, Josephuss account reveals that Gadara was a Grecian city annexed to Syria, not subject to Jewish law. This historical detail confirms the accuracy of the Evangelists description and demonstrates an intimate knowledge of the local circumstances of Judea. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Antiquities of the Jews, 17.13.4 | Swine Feeding In The Country Of The Gadarenes | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Mention Of Rufus | [Romans 16:13][Mark 15:21](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.15.21)ww.bible.com/bible/59/ROM.16.13); Mark 15:21 | In Romans, Paul sends greetings to Rufus, whom he describes as chosen in the Lord. In Mark, Rufus is identified as the son of Simon of Cyrene, who was compelled to carry Jesus cross. The connection between these two passages provides a glimpse into the early Christian community and the relationships among its members. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Mention Of Rufus | | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Preparation For The Passover Feast | [Mark 14:13](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.14.13); | In Mark, Jesus sends two disciples to prepare a room for the Passover feast, following a man bearing a pitcher of water. This account aligns with the custom described by Josephus, where companies of at least ten and often up to twenty would gather for the Passover feast. The Gospels depiction of the preparation and the gathering of thirteen (Jesus and his twelve disciples) reflects the historical practice of the time. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jewish War, 6.9.3 | | Preparation For The Passover Feast | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Healing Of Jairus Daughter | [Mark 5:22-43][Matthew 9:18-26](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.9.18-26)ble.com/bible/59/MRK.5.22-43); Matthew 9:18-26 | Marks detailed account of Jairus approach to Jesus complements Matthews more concise version. | Hidden in Plain View ([Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts')) | Healing Of Jairus Daughter | | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Teaching In Parables | [Mark 4:10-12][Matthew 13:10-15](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.13.10-15)le.com/bible/59/MRK.4.10-12); Matthew 13:10-15 | The alignment of the explanations of why He taught in parables, without contradiction, adds authenticity to the accounts and reflects a nuanced understanding of Jesus' teaching method. By using parables, Jesus was both revealing and concealing truths about the kingdom of God, depending on the receptivity and openness of the hearers. | The Historical Reliability of the Gospels ([Craig L. Blomberg](https://paperpile.com/app/p/23cdb1dd-c0f2-0f69-adb1-470b8a12435d 'The Historical Reliability of the Gospels')) | Jesus Teaching In Parables | | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | The Request Of James And John | [Mark 10:35-40][Matthew 20:20-23](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.20.20-23)le.com/bible/59/MRK.10.35-40); Matthew 20:20-23 | Mark focuses on James and John, presenting the request as coming directly from them.<br>Matthew includes the detail that their mother is involved in making the request, adding a familial dimension to the story.<br>These differences do not contradict each other but provide a more comprehensive view of the event. It's entirely plausible that the mother of James and John was involved in the request, and different authors chose to emphasize different aspects of the scene. | Hidden in Plain View ([Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts')) | The Request Of James And John | | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | The Anointing At Bethany | [Mark 14:3-9][John 12:1-8](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.12.1-8)w.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.14.3-9); John 12:1-8 | Marks general account of the anointing at Bethany is complemented by Johns specific details, identifying the woman as Mary and the main objector as Judas, and giving insight into Judas' motives. | The Case for Christ: A Journalists Personal Investigation of the Evidence for Jesus([Lee Strobel](https://paperpile.com/app/p/4e3b4fa9-0200-0730-9b5f-3f24a5f504f7 'The Case for Christ: A Journalists Personal Investigation of the Evidence for Jesus')) | The Anointing At Bethany | | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | Parable Of The Talents/Pounds | [Luke 19:11-27][Matthew 25:14-30](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.25.14-30)le.com/bible/59/LUK.19.11-27); Matthew 25:14-30 | Luke's version emphasizes the relationship between a king and his subjects, illustrating themes of authority, rebellion, and rule.<br>Matthew's version focuses more on the relationship between a master and his servants, with an emphasis on personal responsibility and the proper use of resources.<br>These differences do not represent a contradiction but rather a complementary view of the same underlying truth, presented in different ways for different purposes. | Hidden in Plain View ([Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts')) | Parable Of The Talents/Pounds | | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Journey To Nain | [Luke 7:1-11](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.7.1-11); | In Luke, Jesus travels from Capernaum to Nain, and then further south, indicating a journey from Galilee to Jerusalem. This journey aligns with historical accounts described by Josephus, where Galileans would pass through the country of the Samaritans to reach the Holy City. Josephus even mentions a place called Nam on the road, which could correspond to Nain. This connection between the biblical narrative and historical events adds authenticity to the story, including the miraculous event where Jesus raises a young man from the dead. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Antiquities of the Jews 10.5.1 | Jesus Journey To Nain | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Visit To Jerusalem At Twelve Years Old | [Luke 2:42](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.2.42); | In Luke, Jesus is taken to Jerusalem at the age of twelve for the Passover feast. While some commentators cite Jewish customs regarding the age of manhood, another interpretation connects this event to the historical context of Archelaus reign. Archelaus, known for his cruelty, succeeded Herod and ruled for about ten years. His removal from power might have coincided with Jesus twelfth year, possibly explaining why Jesus parents felt safe taking him to Jerusalem at that time. This connection between the biblical narrative and historical events adds depth to the understanding of the text. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Antiquities of the Jews 17.15 | Jesus Visit To Jerusalem At Twelve Years Old | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Healing Malchuss Ear | [Luke 22:51][John 18:26](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.18.26)ww.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.22.51); John 18:26 | The Gospel of John mentions a servant of the high priest, a kinsman of Malchus (whose ear Peter cut off), being present at Jesuss arrest but not pressing charges. This suppression of the charge is puzzling, given the recent offense and the sufferers connection to the high priests family. Ho[Luke 22:51](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.22.51) Luke provides the missing piece by revealing that Jesus healed Malchuss ear (Luke 22:51). The miracle explains the suppression of the charge, as it would have led to an investigation that could have highlighted Jesuss compassionate nature, submission to laws, and extraordinary powers, potentially aiding Pilates desire to release him. The consistency between the accounts in Luke and John adds credibility to the narrative. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jesus Healing Malchuss Ear | | | | Evidence From The Gospels Undesigned Coincidence | Gospel, Opposition To The Gospel From Pharisees | [Matthew 23:13-36][Luke 22:2][John 18:3][Acts 4:1-3][Acts 5:17-18][Acts 23:6-8](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.23.6-8)w.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.5.17-18).bible.com/bible/59/ACT.4.1-3)ww.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.18.3)www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.22.2)www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.23.13-36); Luke 22:2; John 18:3; Acts 4:1-3; Acts 5:17-18; Acts 23:6-8 | Shift in opposition from Pharisees to Sadducees. The shift in opposition is consistent with the differing theological views between these two groups. The Pharisees believed in the resurrection of the dead, while the Sadducees rejected this doctrine. As the preaching of the resurrection became a central message of the early church, the Sadducees became more prominent as opponents. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Gospel, Opposition To The Gospel From Pharisees | | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Interaction With Samaritans | [Luke 9:51-53][John 4:1-42](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.4.1-42)w.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.9.51-53); John 4:1-42 | The account in Luke describes the Samaritans refusal to receive Jesus because He was headed to Jerusalem, reflecting their opposition to the Jerusalem Temple. In John, Jesus and His disciples are treated hospitably by the Samaritans when coming from Judaea, with no suspicion of having been at Jerusalem for worship. The timing and context of these interactions align perfectly, with one occurring at a time when jealousy would be expected (around the great feasts) and the other at a more propitious time (four months before the harvest and Passover). The casual expressions in both accounts reveal these details, providing an undesigned coincidence that supports the authenticity of the narratives. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jesus Interaction With Samaritans | | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | The Widows Offering | [Luke 21:1-4][Mark 12:41-44](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.12.41-44)bible.com/bible/59/LUK.21.1-4); Mark 12:41-44 | The alignment of these details across the two accounts adds depth to the narrative. While both Luke and Mark provide essentially the same story, the subtle differences in wording and emphasis reflect the individual perspectives and thematic concerns of the authors. | Hidden in Plain View ([Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts')) | The Widows Offering | | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Appearance To Cleopas | [Luke 24:13-35][Mark 16:12-13](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.16.12-13)bible.com/bible/59/LUK.24.13-35); Mark 16:12-13 | Luke provides a detailed and vivid account of the experience, including dialogue, recognition, and response. Mark's account is much briefer and focuses on the fact of the appearance and the disbelief of the other disciples when told about it.<br><br>The complementary nature of these accounts contributes to a fuller understanding of the event. Luke's detailed portrayal adds depth and context to the experience of the two disciples and Jesus' teachings on the Scriptures. Mark's succinct mention emphasizes the initial skepticism among the disciples about the resurrection appearances, a theme that is present in other resurrection narratives as well. | The Historical Reliability of the Gospels ([Craig L. Blomberg](https://paperpile.com/app/p/23cdb1dd-c0f2-0f69-adb1-470b8a12435d 'The Historical Reliability of the Gospels')) | Jesus Appearance To Cleopas | | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | Zacchaeus The Tax Collector | [Luke 19:1-10][Matthew 9:9-13][Matthew 10:3](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.10.3).bible.com/bible/59/MAT.9.9-13)ible.com/bible/59/LUK.19.1-10); Matthew 9:9-13; Matthew 10:3 | In Luke, Jesus actively seeks out and shows kindness to Zacchaeus, leading to his repentance and transformation. In Matthew, Jesus calls a tax collector to be one of His closest followers, showing that His grace and calling extended even to those marginalized and mistrusted in society. | The Historical Reliability of the Gospels ([Craig L. Blomberg](https://paperpile.com/app/p/23cdb1dd-c0f2-0f69-adb1-470b8a12435d 'The Historical Reliability of the Gospels')) | Zacchaeus The Tax Collector | | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | The Healing Of Ten Lepers | [Luke 17:11-19][Matthew 8:1-4](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.8.1-4)bible.com/bible/59/LUK.17.11-19); Matthew 8:1-4 | Both accounts also underline Jesus' authority to heal leprosy, whether by a word or a touch, and His connection to the Mosaic Law, with references to showing oneself to the priests. | The Case for the Resurrection of Jesus ([Gary R. Habermas et al.](https://paperpile.com/app/p/b5895a39-046b-0f12-86cf-1f13b65e6165 'The Case for the Resurrection of Jesus') | The Healing Of Ten Lepers | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | Healing Of The Officials Son | [John 4:46-54][Luke 4:14](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.4.14)www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.4.46-54); Luke 4:14 | The connection between these two accounts lies in the relationship between Jesus' growing fame in Galilee (as mentioned in Luke) and the royal official's knowledge of Jesus and decision to seek Him out for healing (as described in John).<br><br>In John's account, the official's knowledge of Jesus and His whereabouts is presented without explanation. Luke's mention of Jesus' fame spreading through Galilee provides the context that explains how the official would have heard of Jesus and known to seek Him out in Cana. | Hidden in Plain View ([Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts')) | Healing Of The Officials Son | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | The Woman Caught In Adultery | [John 7:53-8](ht[Luke 21:37](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.21.37)bible.com/bible/59/JHN.7.53-8):11; Luke 21:37 | The connection between these two accounts lies in the consistency of Jesus' activity. John's account provides a specific instance of Jesus teaching in the temple, while Luke's account confirms this as a regular pattern of behavior during that period.<br>These accounts complement each other by providing both a general framework (Luke) and a specific example (John) of Jesus' teaching activity in the temple. The fact that John details a particular event within the broader context described by Luke adds depth and authenticity to the understanding of Jesus' daily life and ministry during that time. | The Historical Reliability of the Gospels ([Craig L. Blomberg](https://paperpile.com/app/p/23cdb1dd-c0f2-0f69-adb1-470b8a12435d 'The Historical Reliability of the Gospels')) | The Woman Caught In Adultery | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | Peters First Encounter With Jesus | [John 1:40-42][Matthew 16:18](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.16.18)bible.com/bible/59/JHN.1.40-42); Matthew 16:18 | The two accounts complement each other in a way that forms a coherent narrative. John's account provides the background for why Simon is referred to as Peter, while Matthew's account builds on this background in a way that underscores Peter's foundational role in the church. | Hidden in Plain View ([Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts')) | Peters First Encounter With Jesus | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | The Title king For Roman Emperors | [John 19:15](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.19.15); | In John, the chief priests declare, We have no king but Caesar. Though Roman emperors never took the title of kings, Josephuss writings confirm that they were referred to as such by the Jews. This alignment in terminology between the New Testament and Josephuss historical account adds authenticity to the Gospels depiction and reflects the writers familiarity with the cultural context of the time. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jewish War 5.2.2 | | The Title King For Roman Emperors | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence |  Pilates Judgment-Seat | [John 19:13](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.19.13) | Jewish Wars 6. 1. & 8. In John, Pilate brings Jesus forth and sits down in the judgment-seat in a place called the Pavement (Lithostrotos). Johns account aligns with Josephuss description of the proximity between the Castle of Antonia, the palace (or Pilates hall), and a pavement near the castle. This historical context corroborates the biblical description of Pilates judgment-seat being near or contiguous to the Pavement, adding authenticity to the Gospels account.; In John, Pilate brings Jesus forth and sits down in the judgment-seat in a place called the Pavement (Lithostrotos). Johns account aligns with Josephuss description of the proximity between the Castle of Antonia, the palace (or Pilates hall), and a pavement near the castle. This historical context corroborates the biblical description of Pilates judgment-seat being near or contiguous to the Pavement, adding authenticity to the Gospels account. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) |  Pilates Judgment-Seat | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | The Well Of Sychar | [John 4:15](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.4.15); | In John, Jesus encounters a Samaritan woman at the well of Sychar, and the narrative indicates that there was no water in Sychar, so the inhabitants had to come to this well to draw. This detail aligns with a historical account by Josephus during the war with the Romans. The Samaritans assembled on Mount Gerizim near Sychar, and when the Romans encompassed the mountain, the Samaritans were cut off from the well of Sychar and suffered from thirst. This historical event corroborates the biblical description of the wells significance to the area and the lack of other water sources in Sychar. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jewish War 3.7.32 | | The Well Of Sychar | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Washing The Disciples Feet | [John 13:3-17][Luke 22:24](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.22.24)ww.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.13.3-17); Luke 22:24 | The connection between these two accounts is the theme of humility and service. While John provides a vivid illustration of Jesus' teaching through His actions, Luke provides the context that makes Jesus' actions even more poignant. The disciples were arguing about greatness at the very moment that Jesus was demonstrating the opposite value: humble service.<br>The fact that John's account of Jesus washing the disciples' feet complements Luke's account of their argument creates a coherent narrative across the two Gospels. This complementary detail adds depth to the understanding of the event and the lessons Jesus was imparting to His disciples. | The Historical Reliability of the Gospels ([Craig L. Blomberg](https://paperpile.com/app/p/23cdb1dd-c0f2-0f69-adb1-470b8a12435d 'The Historical Reliability of the Gospels')) | Jesus Washing The Disciples Feet | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | Consistency Of Mary And Martha'S Character | [John 11:1-44][Luke 10:38-42](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.10.38-42)bible.com/bible/59/JHN.11.1-44); Luke 10:38-42 | The "undesigned coincidence" lies in the consistent characterizations of Mary and Martha across two independent accounts. Martha's practical concerns and Mary's spiritual devotion are themes that appear in both stories. The authors of John and Luke did not explicitly coordinate these details, but when read together, the accounts provide a coherent and richer picture of these characters and their relationship with Jesus. | The Resurrection of the Son of God ([Nicholas Thomas Wright](https://paperpile.com/app/p/b4186320-77ee-0456-998b-821da626ecf8 'The Resurrection of the Son of God')) | Consistency Of Mary And Martha'S Character | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Walking On Water And The Contrary Wind | [John 6:16-24][Matthew 14:22-24](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.14.22-24)le.com/bible/59/JHN.6.16-24); Matthew 14:22-24 | John describes the disciples going to Capernaum by boat, and Jesus walking on water to reach them. The people on the shore thought Jesus was still with them, as the wind from the storm was very great, making it unlikely for Him to have crossed. Matthews account confirms the contrary wind, explaining why the people didnt think Jesus could have crossed. The incidental mention of boats from Tiberias and the contrary wind creates an undesigned consistency between the narratives, supporting their authenticity. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jesus Walking On Water And The Contrary Wind | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | Arrival At Bethany Before The Passover | [John 12:1][Mark 11:1-14](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.11.1-14).bible.com/bible/59/JHN.12.1); Mark 11:1-14:1 | John mentions that Jesus came to Bethany six days before the Passover, lodging there for the night. Marks account details Jesus activities over the next few days, including his triumphant procession to Jerusalem, cursing the fig tree, and spending time in the temple. By tracking Jesus movements and the events described by Mark, we can infer that Jesus lodged at Bethany for four days, and with the addition of two more days until the Passover, the accounts align perfectly. This consistency between John and Mark, without any apparent collusion, supports the authenticity of the narratives. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Arrival At Bethany Before The Passover | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | The Feeding Of The Five Thousand | [John 1:44][John 6:1-15][Luke 9:10-17](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.9.10-17).bible.com/bible/59/JHN.6.1-15)w.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.1.44); John 6:1-15; Luke 9:10-17 | Johns account of the feeding of the five thousand is complemented by Lukes detail of the location, near Bethsaida. Jesus' question to Philip in John's account takes on added significance in light of Philip's connection to Bethsaida. It makes sense that Jesus would ask Philip where to buy bread, given his familiarity with the region. | Miracles ([C. S. Lewis](https://paperpile.com/app/p/5b069395-252b-0f99-823a-f97e68f01ad1 'Miracles')) | The Feeding Of The Five Thousand | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Turning Water Into Wine At The Wedding In Cana | [John 2:7][Mark 7:3](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.7.3)/www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.2.7); Mark 7:3 | The water-pots used for purification were empty, indicating the meal was advanced. This aligns with the timing of the miracle, as the governor remarked that the good wine was kept until now. This minor detail serves as an undesigned coincidence, supporting the authenticity of the narratives. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jesus Turning Water Into Wine At The Wedding In Cana | | | | Evidence From The Gospels Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Father Implied To Be Dead | [Mark 6:3][Luke 8:19][John 2:12](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.2.12)www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.8.19)www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.6.3); Luke 8:19; John 2:12 | The absence of mention of Jesus father in these passages, along with the presence of His mother and siblings, implies that Joseph may have been deceased at this time. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jesus Father Implied To Be Dead | | | | Evidence From The Gospels Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus Journey To Jerusalem And The Parable Of The Good Samaritan | [Luke 9:51](https:[John 11:1][Mark 10:46, 11](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.10.46,11)ible.com/bible/59/JHN.11.1)le.com/bible/59/LUK.9.51); 10:30; John 11:1; Mark 10:46, 11:1 | Luke describes Jesus journey through Samaria to Jerusalem, where he enters a village (home to Martha and Mary). John identifies this village as Bethany. Mark notes that Jesus preceding stage before Bethany was Jericho. Luke then presents the parable of the Good Samaritan, describing a man going from Jerusalem to Jericho. The details align, suggesting Jesus was traveling from Jericho to Jerusalem (Bethany) when he delivered the parable. The inclusion of a priest and Levite in the parable reflects the sacerdotal character of Jericho, and the choice of a Samaritan as the benefactor may be a graceful rebuke to James and Johns earlier desire to call down fire on the Samaritans. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jesus Journey To Jerusalem And The Parable Of The Good Samaritan | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | Reception Of The Gospel In Sychar (Samaria) | [John 4][Acts 8:5-12](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.8.5-12)w.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.4); Acts 8:5-12 | The narrative in John describes the religious state of Sychar and Jesus reception there. In Acts, Philips successful preaching in the city of Samaria (likely Sychar) confirms this earlier account. The consistency between these two unrelated passages serves as an unintentional confirmation of the events, with no obvious effort to corroborate one another. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Reception Of The Gospel In Sychar (Samaria) | | | | Evidence From The Gospels Undesigned Coincidence | Healings Jesus Did On The Sabbath | [Matthew 8:16][Mark 1:24][Luke 4:31](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.4.31)www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.1.24)www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.8.16); Mark 1:24; Luke 4:31 | The timing of the healings, as described in Matthew, corresponds with the end of the Sabbath, a detail provided in Mark and Luke. During the Sabbath, work was restricted, so people would have waited until evening, when the Sabbath was over, to carry the sick to Jesus. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Healings Jesus Did On The Sabbath | | | | Evidence From The Gospels Undesigned Coincidence | Simon Owning A Ship For Jesus To Use | [Matthew 18:2][Luke 5:3][Mark 3:9](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.3.9)/www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.5.3)/www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.18.2); Luke 5:3; Mark 3:9 | These passages describe instances where Simon (Peter) owned a ship that Jesus used for teaching, illustrating Simons close relationship with Jesus and his support of His ministry. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Simon Owning A Ship For Jesus To Use | | | | Evidence From The Gospels Undesigned Coincidence | Change In Behavior During Crucifixion | [Mark 15:25, 33][Luke 23:36][Matthew 27:45](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.27.45)bible.com/bible/59/LUK.23.36)ww.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.15.25,33); Luke 23:36; Matthew 27:45 | The early part of the crucifixion is marked by scoffs and insults towards Jesus. As the scene progresses, a change in feeling is noticeable among the bystanders, with a decrease in mockery and an increase in concern and compassion. This change aligns with the darkness that covered the land from the sixth to the ninth hour, possibly reflecting a growing realization of the significance of the event. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Change In Behavior During Crucifixion | | | | Evidence From Johns Undesigned Coincidence | Timid Disciples Known For Their Caution | [John 19:38][Mark 15:43](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.15.43)ww.bible.com/bible/59/JHN.19.38); Mark 15:43 | Bold actions after Jesus crucifixion, requesting Jesus body and bringing myrrh and aloes Marked contrast with their usual character, possibly inspired by witnessing the crucifixion; an example of undesigned coincidence supporting the veracity of the Gospels | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Timid Disciples Known For Their Caution | | | | Evidence From The Gospels Undesigned Coincidence | Listing Of The 12 Apostles | [Matthew 10:24][Mark 3:161]([Mark 6:7][Luke 6:141](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.6.141)ww.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.6.7)www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.3.161)ww.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.10.24); Mark 3:1619; Mark 6:7; Luke 6:1416 | The Synoptic Gospels each provide a list of the 12 apostles[Mark 6:7](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.6.7)ing in details and order. Matthew's list is unique in grouping the apostles in pairs, using the Greek conjunction "kai." Mark and Luke emphasize them as individuals. Mark 6:7 reveals that Jesus sent the apostles out "two by two," which aligns with Matthew's paired listing. This subtle grammatical difference, when combined with Mark's additional information, provides a harmonious understanding of how the apostles were sent out in ministry. |  [Lydia McGrew](https://paperpile.com/app/p/16509d48-56eb-05c1-a225-13763f9dc6f5 'Hidden in Plain View: Undesigned Coincidences in the Gospels and Acts') | Listing Of The 12 Apostles | | | | Evidence From The Gospels Undesigned Coincidence | Jesus At Matthews House | [Matthew 2:9-10][Mark 2:15][Luke 5:29](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.5.29)www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.2.15)www.bible.com/bible/59/MAT.2.9-10); Mark 2:15; Luke 5:29 | In the acc[Mark 2:15](ht[Luke 5:29](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/LUK.5.29).bible.com/bible/59/MRK.2.15)esus dining at Matthew's house, Matthew's Gospel omits mentioning that it was his own house, simply describing the event. Mark 2:15 and Luke 5:29, on the other hand, felt like they needed to specifically state that it was at Matthew's house. This difference in detail provides a complementary perspective, with the Synoptic Gospels together giving a fuller picture of the event. | Undeisgned Coincidences in the writings both of the Old and New Testament ([John James Blunt](https://paperpile.com/app/p/7ab80123-29e2-0747-9094-dcaefd8a748a 'Undesigned Coincidences in the Writings Both of the Old and New Testament: An Argument of Their Veracity : with an Appendix, Containing Undesigned Coincidences Between the Gospels and Acts, and Josephus')) | Jesus At Matthews House | | | | Evidence From The New Testaments Undesigned Coincidence | Apollos In Corinth | [1 Corinthians 1:12]([1 Corinthians 3:6]([Acts 18:24-28][Acts 19:1](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT[1 Corinthians 1:12](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/1CO.1.12)m/bible/59/ACT.18.24-28)ible.com/bible/59/1CO.3.6)com/bible/59/1CO.1.12); 1 Corinthians 3: 6; Acts 18:24-28; Acts 19:1 | 1 Corinthians 1:12 and 3:6 both mention divisions within the Corinthian church and refer[Acts 19:1](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.19.1)los. While 1:12 speaks of different factions aligning with various leaders, 3:6 uses agricultural imagery, with Pa[Acts 18](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.18)ng, "I planted the seed, Apollos watered it, but God has been making it grow."<br><br>Acts 19:1 states, "While Apollos was at Corinth, Paul took the road through the interior and arrived at Ephesus." This passage connects with the previous accounts in Acts 18, where Apollos was taught by Priscilla and Aquila in Ephesus before heading to Corinth. It also aligns with the references to Apollos in 1 Corinthians 1:12. The connection between Apollos's role in watering (teaching and nurturing the Christian faith) in Corinth and the details of his activities in Acts forms an "undesigned coincidence." | [William Paley](https://paperpile.com/app/p/005ca21e-d516-00e9-9e94-bcddb3e997c2 'Horae Paulinae, Or the Truth of the Scripture History of St. Paul Evinced: By a Comparison of the Epistles which Bear His Name, with the Acts of the Apostles, and with One Another') | Apollos In Corinth | | | | Evidence From The New Testaments Undesigned Coincidence | Priscilla And Aquila | [Acts 18:2-3][Romans 16:3-4](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ROM.16.3-4)bible.com/bible/59/ACT.18.2-3); Romans 16:3-4 [Acts 18:2-3](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.18.2-3) | Priscilla and Aquila are mentioned in Acts 18:2-3, where they meet Paul in Corinth, and it is stated that they were tentmakers like Paul. They had recently come from Italy[Romans 16:3-4](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ROM.16.3-4)ror Claudius had ordered all Jews to leave Rome. They work and travel with Paul, becoming his close associates.<br><br>In Romans 16:3-4, Paul sends greetings to Priscilla and Aquila, calling them his "co-workers in Christ Jesus" and stating that they "risked their lives" for him. This aligns with the account in Acts, where their close association with Paul would have exposed them to danger. | [William Paley](https://paperpile.com/app/p/005ca21e-d516-00e9-9e94-bcddb3e997c2 'Horae Paulinae, Or the Truth of the Scripture History of St. Paul Evinced: By a Comparison of the Epistles which Bear His Name, with the Acts of the Apostles, and with One Another') | Priscilla And Aquila | | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Peter At The Transfiguration | [Mark 9:2-8][2 Peter 1:16-18](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/2PE.1.16-18)ble.com/bible/59/MRK.9.2-8); 2 Peter 1:16-18 [Mark 9](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.9) | The undesigned coincidence between Mark 9 and 2 Peter 1:16-18 regarding the Transfiguration provides a subtle, interlocking confirmation of the event's historical reality. The accounts are not identical or merely repetitive but complementary, with each serving its unique purpose within its literary context. Peter's account in 2 Peter confirms the narrative in Mark, emphasizing that they were eyewitnesses, not a retelling of Mark's story but a personal affirmation from one who was there. While Mark provides a detailed narrative, Peter's account is more focused on the validation of his message, and the consistency of the core details (the transformation, the voice from heaven) across both accounts suggests authenticity without collaboration. Mark's account serves to narrate a significant event in Jesus' life, while Peter's reference is part of an argument against false teachings, and the fact that these different purposes lead to the same historical recollection supports the idea of an undesigned coincidence. Both accounts include the voice from heaven affirming Jesus as the beloved Son, and this consistency, without exact repetition, supports the authenticity of the event. This kind of subtle agreement is seen as evidence that the writers were drawing from real-life events rather than constructing a fictional narrative, enhancing the credibility of the New Testament writings, and providing a rich, multifaceted view of the significant events in the life of Jesus. | Peter At The Transfiguration | | | | | Evidence From Marks Undesigned Coincidence | Mark And Peter Share Similarities | [Mark 1:1-15, 32-34, 2](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/M[Acts 2:22, 32, 36, 38, 3](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.2.22,32,36,38,3) 14:66-72, 15:25-39, 16:1-8; Acts 2:22, 32, 36, 38, 3:6-18, 24, 10:37-38 | The similarities and undesigned coincidences between Mark's Gospel and Peter's[Mark 1:1][Acts 2:36](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.2.36)www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.[Mark 1:9-11](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.1.9-11)atterns in Acts can be seen in various verses. Mark [Acts 10:37-38](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.10.37-38)claim Jesus as the[Mark 15:25-39](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.15.25-39) 1:1, Acts 2:36). [Acts 2:23-24, 32](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.2.[Mark 1:15][Acts 2:38](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.2.38)www.bible.[Mark 1:32-34](https://www.bible.com/bib[Acts 3:6-16](https://www.[Mark 1:2-3](ht[Acts 3:18, 24](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.3.18,24)le.com/bible/59/MRK.1.2-3)bible/59/ACT.3.6-16).32-34)/MRK.1.15)of Je[Mark 14:66-72](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/MRK.14.66-72)and the descent of the Spirit in Mark[Acts 2:22, 32](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.2.22,32)hoed in Peter's reference to the anointing of Jesus with the Holy Spirit at His baptism in Acts 10:37-38. Mark's narration of the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus (Mark 15:25-39; 16:1-8) finds resonance in Peter's emphasis on these events in Acts 2:23-24, 32; 3:15. Both have a call to repentance (Mark 1:15, Acts 2:38; 3:19). Mark's accounts of Jesus' healing miracles (Mark 1:32-34; 2:1-12) parallel Peter's (Acts 3:6-16; 10:38). Both Mark 1:2-3 and Acts 3:18, 24 connect Jesus to the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. Finally, the detailed account of Peter's denial in Mark 14:66-72 and Peter's emphasis on being a witness to Jesus' life, death, and resurrection in Acts 2:22, 32; 3:15 highlight the eyewitness nature of these texts. These patterns of alignment reflect a shared understanding and focus and provide evidence for the traditional view of Peter's influence on Mark's Gospel, adding to the authenticity and historical reliability of these New Testament writings. | Mark And Peter Share Similarities | | | | | Evidence From Lukes Undesigned Coincidence | The Multiple Proconsuls? | [Acts 19:23-41](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.19.23-41); [Acts 19:38](https://www.bible.com/bible/59/ACT.19.38)etail about "multiple proconsuls" in Acts 19:38 has been scrutinized for its historical accuracy. In this passage, the city clerk of Ephesus mentions "proconsuls" in the plural, which at first glance might seem like a historical mistake, given that Roman provinces typically had a single proconsul. However, Tacitus' "Annals" provides a piece of corroborative evidence by noting the assassination of Proconsul Junius Silanus in A.D. 54 and there was transitional period where multiple proconsuls might have been in place, either simultaneously or within a short time frame. Luke's mention of multiple proconsuls aligns with Roman historical records, bolstering the credibility of both accounts. | [Ronald Mellor](https://paperpile.com/app/p/dd7e5409-629d-0595-ae71-6d16b498f4ab'TACITUS ANNALS') | Tacitus, Annal | | The Multiple Proconsuls? |